Business Description

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references to the Company, Niagen Bioscience, we, us and our refer to Niagen Bioscience, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. Company Background On May 21, 2008, Cody Resources, Inc., a Nevada corporation and a public company, (Cody) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (Merger Agreement), by and among Cody, CDI Acquisition, Inc., a California corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Cody (Acquisition Sub), and ChromaDex, Inc. (Merger). Subsequent to the signing of the Merger Agreement, Cody merged with and into a Delaware corporation. On June 20, 2008, Cody amended its articles of incorporation to change its name to ChromaDex Corporation. On April 25, 2016, ChromaDex Corporation became listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market (Nasdaq). On March 12, 2017, ChromaDex Corporation acquired Healthspan Research LLC, a consumer product company offering Tru Niagen® branded products. This marked the strategic shift to become a global bioscience company dedicated to healthy aging. On January 15, 2021, Healthspan Research LLC was dissolved. Prior to its dissolution, Healthspan Research, LLC contributed its assets and liabilities to ChromaDex, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of ChromaDex Corporation, Effective March 19, 2025, the Company changed its name to “Niagen Bioscience, Inc.”. In connection with the Company’s new name, the Company changed the ticker symbol for the Company’s common stock on Nasdaq, to “NAGE”. Company Overview We are a global bioscience company dedicated to promoting healthy aging. Our team, which includes world-renowned scientists, is pioneering research on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), an essential coenzyme that regulates cellular metabolism and is present in every cell of the human body. NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, by up to 65% between ages 30 and 70, and can also be impacted by poor diet, excess alcohol consumption, and certain disease states. Increasing NAD+ levels through NAD+ precursors, calorie restriction, or moderate exercise has been shown to support healthy cellular function. We are at the forefront of developing and commercializing effective methods to support NAD+ levels and promote healthy aging. In 2013, we commercialized food-grade Niagen®, a proprietary form of nicotinamide riboside chloride (“NRC” or “NRCL,” commonly referred to as “NR”), a novel form of vitamin B3, as both a dietary and food ingredient. In 2017, we expanded our offerings with the launch of Tru Niagen®, a finished dietary supplement featuring Niagen®, available directly to consumers. In 2024, Niagen Plus products launched, which are products featuring pharmaceutical-grade Niagen®. We supply pharmaceutical-grade Niagen® to U.S. FDA-registered 503B outsourcing facilities, in addition to compound pharmacies abroad, which compound and distribute Niagen® intravenous (Niagen IV) and injectable Niagen® formulations for use with a prescription. Food-grade Niagen® is authorized for human consumption as a dietary supplement and is generally recognized as safe (GRAS), while pharmaceutical-grade Niagen® is authorized by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for compounding by 503B outsourcing facilities. NRC is one of the most well-studied and efficient NAD+ precursors available. Data from numerous preclinical studies and human clinical trials demonstrate that orally administered NRC significantly increases NAD+ levels in blood and tissue. Food-grade Niagen® has twice been successfully reviewed under the FDA’s new dietary ingredient (NDI) program, has been successfully notified to the FDA as GRAS, and has received approvals or authorizations from Health Canada, the European Commission, the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture, and the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) of Australia. Food-grade Niagen® has also been approved for inclusion in medical foods by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) and Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ). Clinical studies of oral Niagen® have shown outcomes including increased NAD+ levels, improved cellular metabolism, and enhanced energy production. Niagen® and other NAD+ precursors are protected by a robust portfolio of owned and exclusively licensed patents. To date, there are more than 525 published human clinical studies related to NAD+ and its impact on health.…