Business Description

The Company is a pure-play regulated energy delivery business. Its principal executive offices are located at 1200 West Century Avenue, P.O. Box 5650, Bismarck, North Dakota 58506-5650, telephone (701) 530-1000. Montana-Dakota was incorporated under the state laws of Delaware in 1924. The Company was incorporated under the state laws of Delaware in 2018. Upon the completion of the Holding Company Reorganization, Montana-Dakota became a subsidiary of the Company. The Company adopted a new mission statement in early 2025, "With integrity, deliver value as a leading energy provider and employer of choice." Through a strategy focusing on its "CORE," the Company strives to deliver superior value and achieve industry-leading performance as a pure-play regulated energy delivery company, while pursuing organic growth opportunities. The Company's "CORE" strategy prioritizes customers and communities, operational excellence, returns focused initiatives and an employee driven culture. The Company generates, transmits and distributes electricity and provides natural gas distribution, transportation and storage services. These businesses are regulated by state public service commissions and/or the FERC. As part of the Company's continual review of its business, the Company announced strategic initiatives to enhance stockholder value. On May 31, 2023, the Company executed the separation of Knife River, the construction materials and contracting business, from the Company, resulting in Knife River becoming an independent, publicly-traded company. On October 31, 2024, the Company completed the separation of Everus, the construction services business, from the Company, resulting in Everus becoming an independent, publicly-traded company. MDU Resources Group, Inc. Form 10-K 7 Index Part I As of December 31, 2025, the Company was organized into three reportable business segments. These business segments include: electric, natural gas distribution and pipeline. The Company's business segments are determined based on the Company's method of internal reporting, which generally segregates the business activities by differences in products and services. The internal reporting of these segments is defined based on the reporting and review process used by the Company's chief executive officer. The Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, MDU Energy Capital, owns Montana-Dakota, Cascade and Intermountain. The electric segment is comprised of Montana-Dakota while the natural gas distribution segment is comprised of Montana-Dakota, Cascade and Intermountain. The Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Centennial, owns WBI Energy and Centennial Capital. WBI Energy is the pipeline segment and Centennial Capital is reflected in the Other category. The financial results and data applicable to each of the Company's business segments, as well as their financing requirements, are set forth in Item 7 - MD&A and Item 8 - Note 14. The Company's material properties, which are of varying ages and are of different construction types, are generally in good condition, are well maintained and are generally suitable and adequate for the purposes for which they are used.