Business Description

Friedman Industries, Incorporated (the “Company”), a Texas corporation incorporated in 1965, is a manufacturer and processor of steel products and operates in two reportable segments: flat-roll products and tubular products. Significant financial information relating to the Company’s business segments for the last two years is contained in Note 12 of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, which financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in Item 8 hereof. Flat-Roll Products The flat-roll product segment consists of the operation of five hot-rolled coil processing facilities located in Hickman, Arkansas; Decatur, Alabama; East Chicago, Indiana; Granite City, Illinois and Sinton, Texas. The Hickman, Granite City and East Chicago facilities operate temper mills and cut-to-length lines. The Decatur and Sinton facilities operate stretcher leveler cut-to-length lines. The equipment at all locations improve the flatness and surface quality of the coils and cut the coils into sheet and plate of prescribed lengths. On a combined basis, the facilities are capable of cutting sheet and plate with thicknesses ranging from 16 gauge to 1” thick in widths ranging from 36” wide to 96” wide. The vast majority of flat-roll product segment revenue is generated from sales of Company owned inventory but the segment also generates revenue from the processing or storage of customer owned coils on a fee basis. The coil processing facilities are substantially similar with respect to products produced. The Company makes shipments of products based on which facility offers the desired product or, if the product is available at multiple facilities, based on other factors, such as customer location, freight conditions and the ability of the facility to fulfill the order on a timely basis. Flat-roll products are sold on a wholesale, rapid-delivery basis in competition with other processors of hot-rolled steel coils. Shipments are made via unaffiliated truckers or by rail. The flat-roll segment purchases its inventory from a limited number of suppliers. Loss of any of these suppliers could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. Tubular Products The tubular product segment consists of the Company’s Texas Tubular Products division (“TTP”) located in Lone Star, Texas. TTP operates two electric resistance welded pipe mills with a combined outside diameter (“OD”) size range of 2 3/8” OD to 8 5/8” OD. Both pipe mills are American Petroleum Institute (“API”) licensed to manufacture line pipe and oil country pipe and also manufacture pipe for structural purposes that meets other recognized industry standards. All of the tubular segment's revenue is generated from sales of Company owned inventory. TTP purchases its inventory from a limited number of suppliers. Loss of any of these suppliers could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business. 2 Marketing The following table sets forth the approximate percentage of total sales contributed by each group of products and services during each of the Company’s last two fiscal years: Product and Service Groups Fiscal 2025 Fiscal 2024 Flat-Roll Products 91 % 92 % Tubular Products 9 % 8 % Flat-Roll Products. The Company sells flat-roll products and processing or storage services to approximately 442 customers located primarily in the midwestern, southwestern and southeastern regions of the United States. The Company’s principal customers for these products and services are steel distributors and customers manufacturing steel products such as steel buildings, railroad cars, barges, tanks and containers, trailers, component parts and other fabricated steel products. Sales of flat-roll products to O'Neal Steel accounted for approximately 16% of the Company's total sales for both fiscal years 2025 and 2024. No other individual flat-roll products customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company's total sales for either of the two fiscal years. The Company sells all of its flat-roll products through its own sales force. At March 31, 2025, the sales force was comprised of the Vice President of Sales – Flat Roll Division and 28 sales personnel. Tubular Products. The Company sells its tubular products nationally to approximately 82 customers. The Company’s principal customers for these products are steel and pipe distributors.…